かさむ（かさむ）Conjugation
JLPT N1 · Godan verb (Group 1) · Meaning: to increase/swell
Full conjugation table
| Form | Japanese | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary form The base form — casual speech and the stem for many grammar patterns. | かさむ | かさむ |
| masu (polite present) Polite present/future affirmative. | かさみます | かさみます |
| masen (polite negative) Polite present negative. | かさみません | かさみません |
| mashita (polite past) Polite past affirmative. | かさみました | かさみました |
| masen deshita (polite past neg.) Polite past negative. | かさみませんでした | かさみませんでした |
| te-form The most versatile form — linking, requests, progressive and more. | かさんで | かさんで |
| ta (plain past) Plain past affirmative. | かさんだ | かさんだ |
| nai (plain negative) Plain present negative. | かさまない | かさまない |
| nakatta (plain past neg.) Plain past negative. | かさまなかった | かさまなかった |
| Potential Ability or possibility — 'can do'. | かさめる | かさめる |
| Passive Passive voice — 'to be done to'. | かさまれる | かさまれる |
| Causative Causative — 'to make/let someone do'. | かさませる | かさませる |
| Volitional Volitional — 'let's…' or intention. | かさもう | かさもう |
| Imperative Imperative — a strong command; used sparingly. | かさめ | かさめ |
| Prohibitive Prohibitive — 'don't do it!'. | かさむな | かさむな |
| Conditional (ba) Hypothetical 'if' — leans written. | かさめば | かさめば |
| Conditional (tara) The most versatile everyday 'if / when'. | かさんだら | かさんだら |
Example sentences
- 修理でかえって費用がかさむ。 — The repairs ended up piling on extra costs instead.
- 出費がかさんで苦しい。 — Expenses have piled up and it's a struggle.