Lesson 139: 決して・めったに・別に・どうしても

N3 · Lesson 139 · 18 min — Never, rarely, not really, no matter what: four adverbs that “pair up” with the end of the sentence

Last lesson, Rin decided under the tree that he must do something. This lesson has four adverbs: 決けっして, めったに, 別べつに and どうしても. They have one thing in common: once you say them, the end of the sentence has to “pair up” with them. 決けっして and めったに take a negative. 別べつに takes a negative, and often 〜ても いい (it's fine if...). どうしても takes たい or a negative. Let's read the comic first!

After this lesson, you can:

The shop can go; the tree stays

The ward office measured the width of the road. A road plan might force both くまや and the old tree to make way. Tonight Rin walks into くまや to tell Mr. Kuma how he feels. (移うつる = to move, 守まもる = to protect)

決けっして・めったに + negative; 別べつに + negative / 〜ても いい; どうしても + たい / negative. Neko-sensei's line is a joke: he gets it wrong on purpose! Next lesson, Rin speaks up at a travel agency meeting...

Words for this lesson: adverbs that pair with the sentence ending

Grammar 1 / 4: Never

決けっして + negative = “never ~”. Use it for vows, promises and strong warnings. The sentence always ends in a negative like ない / ません / ないで ください.

Grammar 2 / 4: Rarely

めったに + negative = “rarely ~, hardly ever ~”. The frequency is very low, lower than あまり〜ない, but not zero.

Grammar 3 / 4: Not really

別べつに + negative = “not particularly ~”: a light denial, “nothing special.” 別べつに〜ても いい = “it's no big deal if ~.”

Grammar 4 / 4: No matter what

どうしても = “no matter what”: ① どうしても〜たい = I want to ~ no matter what. ② どうしても〜ない = it just won't ~, however I try (even after many attempts).