込む（こむ）Conjugation
JLPT N3 · Godan verb (Group 1) · Meaning: to be crowded
Full conjugation table
| Form | Japanese | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary form The base form — casual speech and the stem for many grammar patterns. | 込む | こむ |
| masu (polite present) Polite present/future affirmative. | 込みます | こみます |
| masen (polite negative) Polite present negative. | 込みません | こみません |
| mashita (polite past) Polite past affirmative. | 込みました | こみました |
| masen deshita (polite past neg.) Polite past negative. | 込みませんでした | こみませんでした |
| te-form The most versatile form — linking, requests, progressive and more. | 込んで | こんで |
| ta (plain past) Plain past affirmative. | 込んだ | こんだ |
| nai (plain negative) Plain present negative. | 込まない | こまない |
| nakatta (plain past neg.) Plain past negative. | 込まなかった | こまなかった |
| Potential Ability or possibility — 'can do'. | 込める | こめる |
| Passive Passive voice — 'to be done to'. | 込まれる | こまれる |
| Causative Causative — 'to make/let someone do'. | 込ませる | こませる |
| Volitional Volitional — 'let's…' or intention. | 込もう | こもう |
| Imperative Imperative — a strong command; used sparingly. | 込め | こめ |
| Prohibitive Prohibitive — 'don't do it!'. | 込むな | こむな |
| Conditional (ba) Hypothetical 'if' — leans written. | 込めば | こめば |
| Conditional (tara) The most versatile everyday 'if / when'. | 込んだら | こんだら |
Example sentences
- 連休の道路はとても込む。 — The roads get really crowded during the long holiday.
- この時間の電車は込んでいる。 — The train is crowded at this hour.