Lesson 75: 教えて いただけませんか・撮らせて ください
N4 · Lesson 75 · 18 min — Say "the teacher did ~ for me," ask people politely at three levels, then learn "please let me ~"
This lesson is about two questions: "Who am I talking to?" and "Who does the action?" Then you pick the best phrase. All three grammar points just combine things you already know: てくれる, てもらう and the causative form. No new verbs to memorize. Read the comic first!
After this lesson, you can:
- Say "the teacher did ~ for me": 先生が 教えて くださいました
- Pick the right politeness level for a request: 〜て くれませんか → 〜て もらえませんか → 〜て いただけませんか
- Ask permission to do something yourself: 写真を 撮らせて いただけませんか
The Empty Sweets Box
The old lady guest has checked out. She left only an empty plate and a sweets box. Rin really wants to see her again... (連絡先 = contact details; 情報 = information; どうぞ = go ahead)
The more polite the request, the longer the ending. To do it yourself, say "させていただけませんか." Next lesson: what clue is hidden in this box?
Words for this lesson
- 連絡先 (renrakusaki): contact details (phone, address, email)
- 情報 (jōhō): information, data
- どうぞ (dōzo): please (go ahead); please take it
- 箱 (hako): box
- お菓子 (okashi): sweets, snacks
- 撮る (toru): to take (a photo)
- 貸す (kasu): to lend
- 送る (okuru): to see (someone) off or take them somewhere; to send
- 地図 (chizu): map
- 道 (michi): road, way
- 荷物 (nimotsu): luggage, baggage
- 店長 (tenchō): shop manager
- 作文 (sakubun): essay, composition
- 考える (kangaeru): to think, to consider
- 仕事 (shigoto): work, job
- お話 (ohanashi): what (someone else) says; their talk
- お手洗い (otearai): restroom
- 恐れ入りますが (osoreirimasu ga): I'm sorry to trouble you, but...
Grammar 1 / 3: 〜てくださる・〜ていただく
Turn 〜てくれる / 〜てもらう into honorific style: use it with teachers, guests and elders
- Three swaps to honorific: In Lesson 56 you learned くださる, いただく and さしあげる on their own. Now attach them to the て-form: 〜てくれる → 〜てくださる, 〜てもらう → 〜ていただく, 〜てあげる → 〜てさしあげる.
- 〜てくださる: they do it for me: The subject is the other person (teacher, manager, guest) and takes が: 先生が 教えて くださいました. The ます form is くださいます (る becomes い), just like いらっしゃいます.
- 〜ていただく: I receive it from them: The subject is "I" (often left out), and the other person takes に: 先生に 教えて いただきました. The meaning is almost the same as くださる, only the point of view differs. Japanese people use いただく a lot because it sounds humble.
- Careful with 〜てさしあげる: Saying "〜て さしあげます" to a teacher's or guest's face sounds like "I'm doing you a favor," which is rude. To offer help, use お~します from Lesson 74: お持ちします. Even when you tell others what you did, 〜てさしあげる can sound like bragging. In daily talk, 〜て あげました or just 教えました is fine. Just recognize 〜てさしあげる; don't use it yourself.
- 先生が 日本語を 教えて くださいました。 — The teacher taught me Japanese.
- 店長が 駅まで 送って くださいました。 — The manager took me to the station.
- わたしは 先生に 本を 貸して いただきました。 — The teacher lent me a book. (I received the teacher's loan.)
- お客さまに 写真を 撮って いただきました。 — A guest took a photo for me.
- うさみさんは いつも 敬語を 教えて くださいます。 — Usami-san (うさみさん) always teaches me honorific speech.
- 店長が お客さまに 道を 教えて さしあげました。 — The manager showed the guest the way. (Talking about two other people.)
Grammar 2 / 3: 3 request levels
Three politeness levels for asking: くれませんか → もらえませんか → いただけませんか
- How to choose a level: 〜て くれませんか: a polite request among acquaintances and peers. With close friends and family, just use the plain form: くれる? / くれない?. 〜て もらえませんか: standard politeness for staff and strangers. 〜て いただけませんか: for teachers, bosses and guests. When you are not sure which level to use, いただけませんか is the safest choice.
- もらえ and いただけ are potential forms: もらう → もらえる, いただく → いただける (can receive). Literally it asks "Can I receive your doing ~ for me?" That is very indirect, so it sounds polite. The potential form from Lesson 52 comes in handy here.
- ませんか is softer than ますか: 〜て いただけますか is also fine, but adding the negative ませんか leaves room for the other person to say "no," so it sounds more polite. It works like the invitation Vませんか ("Won't you ~?").
- An opener sounds more natural: Put すみませんが, or the more formal 恐れ入りますが, in front, then make your request. This sounds most natural to Japanese listeners.
- すみませんが、写真を 撮って いただけませんか。 — Excuse me, could you take a photo for me?
- 恐れ入りますが、こちらに お名前を 書いて いただけませんか。 — Excuse me, could you write your name here, please?
- 先生、わたしの 作文を 見て いただけませんか。 — Teacher, would you please look at my essay?
- すみません、すこし ゆっくり 話して もらえませんか。 — Excuse me, could you speak more slowly?
- この 荷物を 持って くれませんか。 — Could you carry this luggage for me? (to an acquaintance or peer)
- くまたくん、ペンを 貸して くれない? — Kumata, can I borrow your pen for a second?
Grammar 3 / 3: 〜させてください
Causative + て + ください: please let me ~; more polite: 〜させて いただけませんか
- Meaning: please let me ~: The speaker wants to do something and asks the other person to allow it. In English: "Please let me ~" or "Allow me to ~."
- How to make it: causative → て-form + ください: Group 1: 撮る → 撮らせる → 撮らせて; 使う → 使わせて. Group 2: 食べる → 食べさせて. Group 3: する → させて, 来る → 来させて.
- More polite: 〜させて いただけませんか: With a manager, teacher or guest, replace ください with いただけませんか from Grammar 2: 帰らせて いただけませんか. Literally it means "Could I receive your permission to ~?" It is very polite.
- Also for volunteering: "その 仕事、わたしに させて ください" = "Please let me do that job!" It is not only a request. It also sounds full of energy.
- ここで 写真を 撮らせて ください。 — Please let me take a photo here.
- すこし 考えさせて ください。 — Please let me think about it.
- 店長、きょうは 早く 帰らせて いただけませんか。 — Manager, may I leave early today?
- すみませんが、お手洗いを 使わせて いただけませんか。 — Excuse me, may I use the restroom?
- その 仕事、わたしに させて ください。 — Please let me do that job!
- 先生の お話を 聞かせて いただけませんか。 — May I hear what the teacher has to say?