Lesson 44: うん、いいよ!

N5 · Lesson 44 · 18 min — Drop です・ます and speak casually, like a friend

So far you have learned polite です・ます. But with friends and family, Japanese people use the "plain form" (also called the casual form). Good news: you already know most of it! It's made of the dictionary form (Lesson 34), the ない-form (Lesson 40), the た-form (Lesson 42), the i-adjective forms たかくない・たかくなかった, and じゃない (the casual version of じゃありません, which you saw with noun negatives). This lesson puts them all in one chart. Only two things are truly new: verbs ない → なかった, and nouns and na-adjectives です → だ, でした → だった. Let's read the comic first!

After this lesson, you can:

With friends, drop です・ます

Rin asked an old lady at the shopping street, but still couldn't find the shop. On the way home from school, Kumata has an idea... (ふつうに 話はなす = talk normally, without polite language; しょうてんがい = shopping street; ふるい = old; だんご = dumpling)

Plain form = speech without です・ます, used with friends and family. Next lesson: Rin starts writing his diary in plain form!

Words for this lesson: chatting with friends

Grammar 1 / 3: Verb plain form

Verb plain form: dictionary form・ない-form・た-form・なかった

Grammar 2 / 3: I-adjective plain form

I-adjective plain form: just drop です

Grammar 3 / 3: Na-adjective・Noun + だ

Na-adjective・noun plain form: です becomes だ