Lesson 104: 京都からの 返事

N3 · Lesson 104 · 20 min — Follow Rin as he writes a letter and reads the reply, and review Lessons 99-103: written style, connectors and quoting

No new grammar in this lesson! Follow Rin through a day at the travel agency and practice the patterns from Lessons 99-103 in one story. In the questions, リン is Rin. 君きみ means "you"; bosses often use it with their staff.

After this lesson, you can:

A Reply from Kyoto

Rin interns at a travel agency. He asks the Kyoto wagashi shop (from the box in Lesson 74): is there a customer named はな? (返事へんじ = reply)

Written style uses である; reporting uses によると and との ことだ. A Yanaka regular really exists. Could it be はな?

Writing and Reading Replies

Find the patterns from Lessons 99-103! Tap each line to hear the Japanese. (いらっしゃる = the honorific of いる)

Words in This Lesson

Grammar 1 / 4: Written Style: である and the Continuative Form

Written style: end sentences with である; in the middle, use であり、/〜く、/〜ず、 instead of the て-form

Grammar 2 / 4: Connectors: Joining Two Sentences

The connector at the start of the second sentence shows where it goes next (surprise, result, addition, action, rephrasing, reason, caveat)

Grammar 3 / 4: Quoting: によると・との ことだ・っけ

Name the source: Nに よると (よれば) + 〜そうだ / らしい / と いう ことだ; pass on someone's words: 〜との ことだ; check something you can't remember: 〜っけ (だっけ・でしたっけ)

Grammar 4 / 4: と いう Family: というのは・といえば・というより

Explain a meaning: 〜と いうのは〜の ことだ / と いう 意味いみだ; bring up an association: 〜と いえば (と いうと・と いったら); say it more accurately: Aと いうより B