Lesson 28: 食べたいです
N5 · Lesson 28 · 18 min — 〜たいです: say what you want to do; 〜から: give a reason; 〜が・けど: say "but"
Last lesson, you described things, talked about likes, and used ほしい for "I want (a thing)". This lesson is "I want to do (an action)": 行きたい, 食べたい! You will also learn two little words: から (because) and が (but). They join two sentences into one. Start with the comic!
After this lesson, you can:
- Use 〜たいです to say "I want to go ~" and "I want to eat ~", plus "don't want to" and "really wanted to (back then)"
- Use 〜から to give a reason, and answer when someone asks どうしてですか
- Use 〜が (casual: けど) to say "~, but ~"
Ramen on a Hot Day
Late-August Asakusa, so hot it's melting, but Rin still wants ramen! (暑い = hot; かきごおり = shaved ice)
Swap ます for たい to say "want to"; から gives a reason, が means "but". Summer is over, and the photo's shop is still not found.
Words for reasons and wishes
- 暑い (atsui): hot (weather)
- 寒い (samui): cold (weather)
- 眠い (nemui): sleepy
- 遠い (tōi): far
- 時間 (jikan): time
- 温泉 (onsen): hot spring
- 富士山 (Fujisan): Mt. Fuji
- 京都 (Kyōto): Kyoto
- かきごおり (kakigōri): shaved ice
- また (mata): again
- どうして (dōshite): why
Grammar 1 / 3: 〜たい
Drop ます and add たい: 食べます → 食べたいです = "I want to eat"
- Drop ます, add たい: It works the same for every verb you know: 行きます → 行きたい, 見ます → 見たい, 勉強します → 勉強したい. Add です to make it polite.
- たい changes like an い-adjective: たい ends in い, so it changes exactly like 高い: 行きたくないです (don't want to go), 行きたかったです (wanted to go, back then).
- Both を and が work: すしを 食べたいです and すしが 食べたいです are both correct. を is the most common, so use を for now; if you hear が, it is correct too. Other particles stay the same: 京都に 行きたいです, 駅で 待ちたいです.
- Say your own wish, ask about theirs: Use たい for "I want to ~", or to ask "Do you want to ~?": なにを 食べたいですか. Saying what another person wants uses a different form, which comes later.
- 富士山を 見たいです。 — I want to see Mt. Fuji.
- 京都に 行きたいです。 — I want to go to Kyoto.
- 写真を 撮りたいです。 — I want to take photos.
- なにを 食べたいですか。 — What do you want to eat?
- 今日は 勉強したくないです。 — I don't want to study today.
- 東京タワーに 行きたかったです。 — (Back then) I really wanted to go to Tokyo Tower.
- また 日本に 来たいです。 — I want to come to Japan again.
Grammar 2 / 3: 〜から
After the reason, add から: 暑いですから、〜 = "Because it's hot, ~"
- Reason + から, result: Say the reason, add から and a comma, then the result: 雨ですから、うちに 帰ります. In this lesson, every reason ends in 〜です/〜ます before から.
- どうしてですか?→〜から。: どうして = "why". To answer, give only the reason and end with から: どうしてですか。→ 暑いですから。 The reason already has です, so don't add another (✗ 暑いですからです).
- Two different から: You already know から in 駅から (from the station). Look at what comes before it: after a noun = "from ~"; after です or ます = "because ~".
- No need to say "so": Japanese has just one から, which covers both "because" and "so". You don't add anything to the second half.
- 暑いですから、かきごおりを 食べたいです。 — It's hot, so I want shaved ice.
- 眠いですから、寝たいです。 — I'm sleepy, so I want to sleep.
- 時間が ありませんから、タクシーで 行きます。 — I have no time, so I'll go by taxi.
- 雨ですから、今日は うちに 帰ります。 — It's raining, so I'll go home today.
- どうして 京都に 行きたいですか。 — Why do you want to go to Kyoto?
- 写真を 撮りたいですから。 — Because I want to take photos.
Grammar 3 / 3: 〜が・けど
After the first half, add が (casual: けど): おいしいですが、高いです = "It's tasty, but it's expensive"
- First half + が, second half: It attaches just like から, after です or ます: 暑いですが、食べたいです (It's hot, but I want to eat).
- Casual: けど: In speech, が is often replaced by けど. It sounds more relaxed and means the same: 遠いですけど、行きたいです。 (With close friends there is an even more casual form, which comes later.)
- Two different が: Again, look at what comes before it: after a noun = the が you already know (時間が ありません, 日本語が 好きです, すしが 食べたい); after です or ます = "but".
- おいしいですが、高いです。 — It's tasty, but it's expensive.
- 京都に 行きたいですが、時間が ありません。 — I want to go to Kyoto, but I have no time.
- 日本語が 好きですが、上手じゃありません。 — I like Japanese, but I'm not good at speaking.
- 温泉は 遠いですけど、行きたいです。 — The hot spring is far, but I want to go.
- 寒かったですが、富士山は きれいでした。 — It was cold, but Mt. Fuji was beautiful.