Lesson 138: 〜て たまらない・〜て ならない・〜て しかたが ない・〜ずには いられない

N3 · Lesson 138 · 18 min — Can't stand it, can't help it, so much it hurts, can't help doing: say the feelings that overflow

Last lesson, Kumata and Mr. Kuma cheered Rin on. This lesson has four ways to say "my feelings are overflowing": 〜て たまらない, 〜て ならない, 〜て しかたが ない (しょうがない), and 〜ずには いられない. The first three mean almost the same thing and can often swap. The key point is how to connect them to the word before. Let's read the comic first!

After this lesson, you can:

Night at the Tree

After everyone cheered him on, Rin and Neko-sensei went to the promised tree that night. (心配しんぱい=worry, 気きに なる=bother (you), 眠ねむい=sleepy, 作戦会議さくせんかいぎ=strategy meeting, おお=ooh, よし=okay!, ぐう=snore sound)

〜て たまらない/ならない/しかたが ない=feelings overflow; 〜ずには いられない=can't help doing it. Next lesson, Rin runs to くまや to see Mr. Kuma...

Words for this lesson: overflowing feelings

Grammar 1 / 4: Can't stand ~

〜くて/〜で/〜て+たまらない="can't stand ~": a feeling or body sensation so strong you can hardly bear it. 会あいたくて たまらない=I want to see him so much I can't stand it.

Grammar 2 / 4: Keep feeling ~

〜て/〜で+ならない="can't help feeling ~": the feeling is not something you choose; it rises by itself and won't stop. 心配しんぱいで ならない=I can't help worrying.

Grammar 3 / 4: ~ to no end

〜て/〜くて/〜で+しかたが ない (しょうがない)="~ to no end": a feeling or body sensation so strong you can't control it. しょうがない is the casual form.

Grammar 4 / 4: Can't help doing

ない-form + ずには いられない="can't help doing ~": the feeling is so strong you can't stay put without doing that action. する→せず: 何なにか せずには いられない.