Lesson 103: というのは・といえば・というより
N3 · Lesson 103 · 18 min — “What ~ means”, “speaking of ~”, “rather than ~”: explain, associate, and say it more accurately
Last lesson, Rin read the notice board, passed his interview, and started an internship at Tanuki Travel. This lesson has three phrases built on と いう. They help you explain, make associations, and correct how you put things. Read the comic first!
After this lesson, you can:
- Explain words and signs with と いうのは: 〜の ことです/〜と いう 意味です
- Say “speaking of ~, I think of ~” with と いえば, and pick up someone's topic
- Tell と いうと (it can also ask back: 〜と いうと?) apart from と いったら (casual, with feeling)
- Use と いうより to say it more accurately: not so much A, but rather B
Speaking of Yanaka... what?
Rin starts his internship at Tanuki Travel, and on day one he hears a word he doesn't know... (インバウンド = visitors coming to Japan)
と いうのは = define it, と いえば = “speaking of ~, I think of ~”, と いうより = say it more accurately. Next lesson, Rin writes a letter to a wagashi shop in Kyoto.
Words for this lesson: explaining and associating
- 〜と いうのは (to iu no wa): what ~ is / ~ means
- 〜と いえば (to ieba): speaking of ~ (I think of ~)
- 〜と いうと (to iu to): speaking of ~; what do you mean by ~?
- 〜と いったら (to ittara): when it comes to ~ (with feeling)
- 〜と いうより (to iu yori): rather than ~ (more like ~)
- インバウンド (inbaundo): foreign visitors to Japan (tourism term)
- 外国 (gaikoku): foreign country
- 部長 (buchō): department manager (a boss at a company)
- 観光 (kankō): sightseeing
- ツアー (tsuā): tour, trip package
- 物語 (monogatari): story
- 伝える (tsutaeru): to convey, to tell
- 坂 (saka): slope, hill
- 席 (seki): seat
- 満席 (manseki): full (no seats left)
- 立入禁止 (tachiiri kinshi): no entry
- 各駅停車 (kakueki teisha): local train (stops at every station)
- 花火 (hanabi): fireworks
Grammar 1 / 3: というのは
〜と いうのは 〜の ことだ/〜と いう 意味だ = “~ means ...”: define a word or sign and explain it
- 〜と いうのは = what ~ is / ~ means: Put the word to explain first and add と いうのは. It works like “what people call ○○”. It is common for new words, loanwords, signs, and place names.
- Explanation is a noun → 〜の ことだ: When the explanation ends in a noun, add の ことです: 外国の お客さんの ことです. Between a noun and こと, you always need の.
- Explaining a meaning → 〜と いう 意味だ: When the explanation is a sentence (plain form), connect it to 意味 with と いう: 席が ないと いう 意味です.
- In chat, use って: You may know って already. It is the casual form of と いうのは: 「満席」って、なに? With teachers or bosses, or in a report, と いうのは is better.
- 「インバウンド」と いうのは、外国から 来る お客さんの ことです。 — “インバウンド” means guests who come from abroad.
- 「満席」と いうのは、席が もう ないと いう 意味です。 — 「満席」 means there are no seats left.
- 「立入禁止」と いうのは、入っては いけないと いう 意味です。 — 「立入禁止」 means you may not go in.
- 「各駅停車」と いうのは、ぜんぶの 駅に 止まる 電車の ことです。 — “各駅停車” is a train that stops at every station.
- 「谷中」と いうのは、上野の 近くに ある 古い 町の ことです。 — “谷中” is an old neighborhood near Ueno.
Grammar 2 / 3: といえば
〜と いえば/〜と いうと/〜と いったら = speaking of ~ (I think of ~): pick up a topic and name what comes to mind first
- N + と いえば = speaking of N: Put the topic first, add と いえば, and then name the typical thing you think of right away. It is like English “Speaking of ○○, ...”. Note: this is not a definition. For definitions, use と いうのは.
- Pick up someone's topic: When the other person mentions a word, you can continue with と いえば and bring up something related: 北海道に 行くの? 北海道と いえば、雪だね。
- と いうと: can also ask back: For associations it means almost the same as と いえば: 京都と いうと、お寺ですね。 Also, when you don't quite understand, just say 〜と いうと? It means “What do you mean by ~?” and asks the other person to explain more.
- と いったら: with feeling: と いったら often shows surprise or admiration. It is often followed by an intensifier like ほんとうに: くまやの ラーメンと いったら、ほんとうに おいしいんです! It is mostly for chat and is rarely used in reports.
- 谷中と いえば、猫と 坂です。 — Speaking of Yanaka, it's cats and slopes.
- 夏と いえば、花火ですね。 — Speaking of summer, it's fireworks.
- 京都と いうと、お寺が 多い 町ですね。 — Speaking of Kyoto, it's a city with lots of temples.
- 北海道に 行くの? 北海道と いえば、雪だね。 — You're going to Hokkaido? Speaking of Hokkaido, it's snow, right?
- くまやの ラーメンと いったら、ほんとうに おいしいんです! — When it comes to the ramen at くまや, it's seriously delicious!
Grammar 3 / 3: というより
A と いうより B = not so much A as B: A isn't quite right, so switch to the better-fitting B
- A と いうより B: First give an ordinary wording A, signaling “that's not quite accurate”, then switch to the better-fitting B. It matches English “not so much A as B” or “more like B than A”.
- What can go before it?: Noun: 観光と いうより. い-adjective: 暖かいと いうより. Verb plain form: 食べると いうより/食べて いると いうより. な-adjective: しずかだと いうより.
- It does not compare two things: より (than) compares two things: 電車より バスの ほうが 速いです (the bus is faster than the train). と いうより is about one thing, just said in a more accurate way.
- B = the better-fitting wording: B is the wording the speaker thinks fits better. It is often stronger (暖かい → 暑い), but it can also correct downward. Which side goes second depends on the real situation. On a hot 35-degree day, saying 「暑いと いうより、暖かい」 would be wrong.
- 今日は 暖かいと いうより、暑いです。 — Today is not so much warm as hot.
- この 店は レストランと いうより、友だちの 家みたいです。 — This shop is less a restaurant and more like a friend's home.
- ねこ先生は ラーメンを 食べて いると いうより、飲んで います。 — Neko-sensei isn't so much eating ramen as drinking it.
- 谷中は 町と いうより、大きい 家族みたいです。 — Yanaka is less a neighborhood and more like one big family.
- 観光と いうより、町の 物語を 伝えたいです。 — It's less sightseeing, and more that I want to share this neighborhood's story.