Lesson 130: をはじめ・をきっかけに・をこめて・向き/向け

N3 · Lesson 130 · 18 min — Leading examples, triggers, feelings, and targets: the first draft of a reply to Grandpa

Last lesson you reviewed concession and "N + case particle" patterns. This lesson has four more: をはじめ (a leading example first), をきっかけに (a trigger), をこめて (feelings put in), and 向むき/向むけ (suited to / made for). The first three are "noun + を ~". 向むき/向むけ attaches straight to the noun. Comic first!

After this lesson, you can:

Grandpa's Reply: First Draft

Piyo's painting got everyone noticing くまや and the big tree. Tonight, Rin spreads out Grandpa's letter in the dorm to write a Japanese reply. (手紙てがみ = letter, 返事へんじ = reply, 下書したがき = draft)

をはじめ = starting with ~; をきっかけに = triggered by ~; をこめて = with all ~; 向むけ = made for / 向むき = suited to. Next lesson: Rin makes a wish at the shrine.

Words for this lesson: letters, feelings, and tours

Grammar 1 / 4: をはじめ

Noun + をはじめ(として) = "starting with ~, ~ and others": say the most typical one first, then say the others of the same kind are also like that (often with も・や・みんな・たくさん).

Grammar 2 / 4: をきっかけに

Noun + をきっかけに(して) = "triggered by ~": some event or chance made a person start a new action or change. With a verb, add の to make it a noun: 来きたのを きっかけに.

Grammar 3 / 4: をこめて

Noun + をこめて = "with all ~, putting ~ into it": you put unseen feelings like heart, care, thanks, or love into actions like writing a letter, cooking, or giving a gift. Before a noun, say をこめた + noun.

Grammar 4 / 4: 向むき/向むけ

Noun + 向むけ = "made or released for ~" (the maker aimed at a target from the start); noun + 向むき = "suited to ~" (you see it and it just fits). Both attach straight to the noun: 子こども向むけの 番組ばんぐみ、初心者しょしんしゃ向むきの 本ほん.