死ぬ（しぬ）Conjugation
JLPT N5 · Godan verb (Group 1) · Meaning: to die
Full conjugation table
| Form | Japanese | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary form The base form — casual speech and the stem for many grammar patterns. | 死ぬ | しぬ |
| masu (polite present) Polite present/future affirmative. | 死にます | しにます |
| masen (polite negative) Polite present negative. | 死にません | しにません |
| mashita (polite past) Polite past affirmative. | 死にました | しにました |
| masen deshita (polite past neg.) Polite past negative. | 死にませんでした | しにませんでした |
| te-form The most versatile form — linking, requests, progressive and more. | 死んで | しんで |
| ta (plain past) Plain past affirmative. | 死んだ | しんだ |
| nai (plain negative) Plain present negative. | 死なない | しなない |
| nakatta (plain past neg.) Plain past negative. | 死ななかった | しななかった |
| Potential Ability or possibility — 'can do'. | 死ねる | しねる |
| Passive Passive voice — 'to be done to'. | 死なれる | しなれる |
| Causative Causative — 'to make/let someone do'. | 死なせる | しなせる |
| Volitional Volitional — 'let's…' or intention. | 死のう | しのう |
| Imperative Imperative — a strong command; used sparingly. | 死ね | しね |
| Prohibitive Prohibitive — 'don't do it!'. | 死ぬな | しぬな |
| Conditional (ba) Hypothetical 'if' — leans written. | 死ねば | しねば |
| Conditional (tara) The most versatile everyday 'if / when'. | 死んだら | しんだら |
Example sentences
- 長く飼っていた金魚が死んでしまい、悲しかった。 — The goldfish I'd kept for a long time died, and it made me sad.
- その小説では、最後に主人公が死ぬ。 — In that novel, the main character dies in the end.
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