立つ（たつ）Conjugation
JLPT N5 · Godan verb (Group 1) · Meaning: to stand
Full conjugation table
| Form | Japanese | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary form The base form — casual speech and the stem for many grammar patterns. | 立つ | たつ |
| masu (polite present) Polite present/future affirmative. | 立ちます | たちます |
| masen (polite negative) Polite present negative. | 立ちません | たちません |
| mashita (polite past) Polite past affirmative. | 立ちました | たちました |
| masen deshita (polite past neg.) Polite past negative. | 立ちませんでした | たちませんでした |
| te-form The most versatile form — linking, requests, progressive and more. | 立って | たって |
| ta (plain past) Plain past affirmative. | 立った | たった |
| nai (plain negative) Plain present negative. | 立たない | たたない |
| nakatta (plain past neg.) Plain past negative. | 立たなかった | たたなかった |
| Potential Ability or possibility — 'can do'. | 立てる | たてる |
| Passive Passive voice — 'to be done to'. | 立たれる | たたれる |
| Causative Causative — 'to make/let someone do'. | 立たせる | たたせる |
| Volitional Volitional — 'let's…' or intention. | 立とう | たとう |
| Imperative Imperative — a strong command; used sparingly. | 立て | たて |
| Prohibitive Prohibitive — 'don't do it!'. | 立つな | たつな |
| Conditional (ba) Hypothetical 'if' — leans written. | 立てば | たてば |
| Conditional (tara) The most versatile everyday 'if / when'. | 立ったら | たったら |
Example sentences
- 電車が込んでいて、立ったまま本を読む。 — The train is crowded, so I read my book standing up.
- 先生が黒板の前に立って話す。 — The teacher stands in front of the blackboard and talks.
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