買う（かう）Conjugation
JLPT N5 · Godan verb (Group 1) · Meaning: to buy
Full conjugation table
| Form | Japanese | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary form The base form — casual speech and the stem for many grammar patterns. | 買う | かう |
| masu (polite present) Polite present/future affirmative. | 買います | かいます |
| masen (polite negative) Polite present negative. | 買いません | かいません |
| mashita (polite past) Polite past affirmative. | 買いました | かいました |
| masen deshita (polite past neg.) Polite past negative. | 買いませんでした | かいませんでした |
| te-form The most versatile form — linking, requests, progressive and more. | 買って | かって |
| ta (plain past) Plain past affirmative. | 買った | かった |
| nai (plain negative) Plain present negative. | 買わない | かわない |
| nakatta (plain past neg.) Plain past negative. | 買わなかった | かわなかった |
| Potential Ability or possibility — 'can do'. | 買える | かえる |
| Passive Passive voice — 'to be done to'. | 買われる | かわれる |
| Causative Causative — 'to make/let someone do'. | 買わせる | かわせる |
| Volitional Volitional — 'let's…' or intention. | 買おう | かおう |
| Imperative Imperative — a strong command; used sparingly. | 買え | かえ |
| Prohibitive Prohibitive — 'don't do it!'. | 買うな | かうな |
| Conditional (ba) Hypothetical 'if' — leans written. | 買えば | かえば |
| Conditional (tara) The most versatile everyday 'if / when'. | 買ったら | かったら |
Example sentences
- スーパーで牛乳とパンを買う。 — I buy milk and bread at the supermarket.
- セールで新しいくつを買った。 — I bought new shoes during the sale.
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