“kossori・hisoka ni”: Secretly / Quietly / Inwardly [JLPT N1]

By Nihongo to Japan · Updated July 3, 2026

Adverbs for doing something secretly, without others knowing

“kossori・hisoka ni”: Secretly / In Secret / Inwardly

「こっそり」 and 「ひそかに」 are adverbs for doing something without letting others know, secretly. こっそり = secretly (concrete small actions): 「親に隠れてこっそりお菓子を食べた」 (snuck a snack hidden from the parents); ひそかに = in secret, privately (more written, also inwardly): 「ひそかに計画を進める」 (advance the plan in secret), 「ひそかに彼を尊敬している」 (secretly respects him).

🧠 Core nuance: proceeding without being noticed

Both mean quietly, out of sight: こっそり is more for concrete sneaky actions (sneak out, sneak a bite, peek), colloquial and vivid; ひそかに is more written and dignified, covering both acting in secret (a covert plan) and often inwardly, quietly in one's heart (secretly hope, secretly resolve, secretly admire) — this “inward” layer is something こっそり lacks. Both are the opposite of “openly.”

📌 How to Connect

AdverbNuanceExample
こっそり + verbsecretly (concrete action)こっそり抜け出す
ひそかに + verbin secret (written) / inwardlyひそかに決意する
(inward) ひそかにsecretly (hope/admire)ひそかに期待する

💬 Example Sentences

🔄 Compare: こっそり vs ひそかに vs こそこそ vs 黙って

ExpressionNuanceExample
こっそり“secretly” (concrete action, colloquial, neutral)こっそり食べる
ひそかに“in secret / inwardly” (written)ひそかに期待
こそこそ“furtively” (sneaky, negative)こそこそ動く
黙って“without a word, on one's own”黙って使う

⚠️ Common Mistakes

  1. こっそり for inner feelings: “secretly respect/hope” uses ひそかに (inward); こっそり is mostly concrete actions.
  2. Contradictory pairing: ✗ こっそり大声で叫ぶ (secret + loud is contradictory).
  3. The negativity of こそこそ: こそこそ is negative (furtive); a neutral “secretly” uses こっそり.
  4. Adding を/だ: adverbs modify the verb directly (こっそり食べる).

💡 Nuance & When to Use

こっそり・ひそかに both mean doing something without others knowing: こっそり is the colloquial, neutral “secretly,” mostly concrete actions (sneak out, sneak a bite, peek); ひそかに is more written, covering both acting in secret (a covert plan) and inwardly (secretly hope, admire, resolve) — which こっそり lacks. For a negative “furtively,” use こそこそ. Master “こっそり (concrete action) vs ひそかに (inward/written).” N1 (nuance).

🎯 JLPT Exam Tips

🖊️ 練習題(5題)

Q1. 「子供たちは、親に隠れて___お菓子を食べた。」(偷偷地)

(A) こっそり (B) きちんと (C) しっかり (D) はっきり

Q2. 「彼を___尊敬している。」(暗自,內心)

(A) ひそかに (B) こっそり(具體動作向き) (C) わざと (D) うっかり

Q3. 「こっそり抜け出す」の意味は?

(A) 偷偷地溜出去

(B) 大方地離開

(C) 不離開

(D) 被趕出去

Q4. 「ひそかに」の語感は?

(A) 暗中/私下(書面,也指內心暗自)

(B) 公開地

(C) 大聲地

(D) 故意地

Q5. 用法が自然なのは?

(A) ひそかに計画を進める。 (B) ひそかにを食べる。

(C) こっそりだ高い。 (D) こっそり大声で叫ぶ(矛盾)。


答案解析

1. (A) こっそり ── 偷偷地吃零食。

2. (A) ひそかに ── 暗自尊敬(內心)。

3. (A) ── 偷偷地溜出去。

4. (A) ── 暗中/私下(書面)。

5. (A) ── 「ひそかに計画を進める」正確。