“〜dare demo・〜nan demo・〜itsu demo”: Anyone / Anything / Anytime [JLPT N1]
By Nihongo to Japan · Updated July 3, 2026
An expression of free choice and unlimited universality.
“〜dare demo・〜nan demo・〜itsu demo”: Anyone / Anything / Anytime
Question word + でも means “no matter 〜, any 〜 at all” (full affirmation): 誰でも = anyone (やる気があれば誰でもできる = with motivation anyone can), 何でも = anything (何でも相談して = consult me about anything), いつでも = anytime (いつでも連絡して = contact me anytime), どこでも = anywhere, どれでも = any one. It means no exception within that range, all applies. ⚠️ Contrast with ‘question word + も + negative': question word + でも = full affirmation (誰でもできる = anyone can); question word + も + negative = full negation (誰も来ない = no one comes)! でも affirms, も negates.
🧠 Core nuance: within that range, all, no exception
The core is within the range the question word covers, all applies, no exception (full affirmation): question word + でも means ‘no matter …, any … at all' (誰でも = anyone, 何でも = anything, いつでも = anytime, どこでも = anywhere, どれでも = any one), stressing the whole range without exception (誰でもできる = anyone can, 何でもいい = anything is fine, いつでもどうぞ = welcome anytime). ⚠️ Core contrast: 「question word + でも」 = full affirmation (誰でもできる = anyone can); 「question word + も + negative」 = full negation (誰も来ない = no one comes, 何も食べない = ate nothing)! でも goes with affirmation (full affirmation), も goes with negation (full negation). ⚠️ Note: for negation use ‘question word + も,' not ‘でも' (✗ 誰でも来ない → 誰も来ない). ⚠️ Question word + でも is followed by affirmative possibility, permission, welcome (できる, いい, どうぞ). A basic pattern for universality, free choice.
📌 How to Connect
| Form | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 誰でも | anyone | 誰でもできる |
| 何でも | anything | 何でも相談して |
| いつでも/どこでも/どれでも | anytime/anywhere/any one | いつでも連絡して |
| (contrast) question word + も + negative | full negation | 誰も来ない |
💬 Example Sentences
- やる気さえあれば、誰でも成功できる。(With just motivation, anyone can succeed.) — 誰でも
- 困ったことがあったら、何でも相談してください。(If you're troubled, consult me about anything.) — 何でも
- 用があれば、いつでも連絡してください。(If you need anything, contact me anytime.) — いつでも
- この席は自由なので、どこでもお座りください。(This is free seating, so sit anywhere.) — どこでも
- 朝から誰も来ない。(No one has come since morning.) — contrast (question word + も + negative = full negation)
🔄 Compare: question word + でも vs question word + も + negative vs question word + か vs noun + でも
| Expression | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| question word + でも | “no matter 〜” (full affirmation) | 誰でもできる |
| question word + も + negative | “none 〜” (full negation) | 誰も来ない |
| question word + か | “some 〜” (uncertain) | 誰か来た |
| noun + でも | “even 〜” (concession) | 雨でも行く |
⚠️ Common Mistakes
- Negation uses も not でも: full negation uses ‘question word + も + negative' (誰も来ない), ✗ 誰でも来ない.
- でも full affirmation, も negation: question word + でも = full affirmation (誰でもできる); question word + も + negative = full negation (誰も〜ない).
- Distinguish from question word + か: でも = any at all (comprehensive); か = some (uncertain, 誰か).
- Followed by affirmation: question word + でも is followed by affirmative possibility/permission (できる, いい, どうぞ).
💡 Nuance & When to Use
Question word + でも means “no matter 〜, any 〜 at all” (full affirmation): 誰でも (anyone), 何でも (anything), いつでも (anytime), どこでも (anywhere), どれでも (any one), stressing no exception within the range. ⚠️ Core contrast: question word + でも = full affirmation (誰でもできる); question word + も + negative = full negation (誰も来ない). For negation use も not でも. Distinguish from the ‘some …' question word + か and the concession noun + でも. A must at N1 (foundation reinforcement).
🎯 JLPT Exam Tips
- N1/foundation: question word + でも = no matter 〜 (full affirmation: 誰でも, 何でも, いつでも, どこでも).
- Core contrast: question word + でも (full affirmation) vs question word + も + negative (full negation, 誰も来ない) — negation uses も not でも!
- Distinction: question word + でも (any at all) vs question word + か (some, uncertain) vs noun + でも (even …, concession).
🖊️ 練習題(5題)
Q1. 「やる気があれば、___できる。」(任何人都能)
(A) 誰でも (B) 誰も(否定向き) (C) 誰か (D) 誰の
Q2. 「全面否定」を表すのは?
(A) 疑問詞+も+否定(誰も来ない) (B) 疑問詞+でも (C) 名詞+でも (D) 疑問詞+か
Q3. 「何でも相談して」の意味は?
(A) 任何事都可以商量
(B) 什麼都別說
(C) 只能商量一件事
(D) 不要商量
Q4. 「疑問詞+でも」の意味は?
(A) 無論〜都(全面肯定)
(B) 全面否定
(C) 舉例
(D) 疑問
Q5. 用法が自然なのは?
(A) いつでも連絡してください。 (B) 誰でも来ない(否定は 誰も)。
(C) どこでも行かない(否定は どこへも)。 (D) 何でもだ高い。
答案解析
1. (A) 誰でも ── 任何人都能。
2. (A) ── 疑問詞+も+否定=全面否定。
3. (A) ── 任何事都可商量。
4. (A) ── 無論〜都(全面肯定)。
5. (A) ── 「いつでも連絡してください」正確。