“〜donna 〜demo”: Any Kind of 〜 [JLPT N4]
By Nihongo to Japan · Updated July 3, 2026
An all-purpose expression unrestricted by any kind.
“〜donna 〜demo”: Any Kind of 〜
「どんな + (noun) + でも」 expresses ‘no matter what kind of 〜, all of them …' — applying across the board, unrestricted by any kind. E.g. 「どんな困難でも、乗り越えられる」 (I can overcome any difficulty), 「どんな質問でも、遠慮なく聞いて」 (ask any question freely), 「どんな人でも歓迎する」 (we welcome anyone). ⚠️ Key contrast with 「どんなに〜ても」: 「どんな + noun + でも」 = no matter which kind (about ‘kind': どんな困難でも); 「どんなに + adjective/adverb + ても」 = no matter how much (about ‘degree': どんなに難しくても)! One is about kind, the other degree — don't mix them up. ⚠️ Connection: どんな + noun + でも.
🧠 Core nuance: covering all kinds, applying across the board
The core is どんな〜でも covers ‘all kinds' of some category, expressing across-the-board application with no exception: 「どんな + noun」 is the question ‘what kind of 〜,' and adding 「でも (even, all)」 makes 「どんな〜でも = no matter what kind of 〜, all of them …,」 stressing ‘whichever kind, the result is the same' (どんな困難でも乗り越える = overcome any difficulty, どんな仕事でも引き受ける = take on any job, どんな天気でも出かける = go out in any weather). ⚠️ Core contrast with 「どんなに〜ても」 (most important): 「どんな + noun + でも」 = unrestricted by ‘kind' (asking which kind: どんな困難でも = no matter which difficulty); 「どんなに + adjective/adverb + ても」 = unrestricted by ‘degree' (asking how much: どんなに難しくても = no matter how hard, どんなに頑張っても = no matter how hard one tries)! One is about ‘kind (which one),' the other ‘degree (how much).' ⚠️ Common mistake: mixing them up (✗ どんなに人でも→どんな人でも (a noun takes どんな); ✗ どんな難しくても→どんなに難しくても (an adjective takes どんなに)). ⚠️ Contrast with 「たとえ〜ても」: たとえ stresses ‘even supposing …' (a hypothetical tone), どんな〜でも stresses ‘all kinds.' An N4 across-the-board pattern.
📌 Connection Rules
| Structure | For | Example |
|---|---|---|
| どんな + noun + でも | kind (which one) | どんな困難でも |
| どんな + noun + でも | kind | どんな人でも |
| (contrast) どんなに + adjective + ても | degree (how much) | どんなに難しくても |
| (contrast) どんなに + verb + ても | degree | どんなに頑張っても |
💬 Example Sentences
- どんな困難でも、乗り越えられる。(I can overcome any difficulty.) — kind
- どんな質問でも、遠慮なく聞いてください。(Please ask any question freely.) — kind
- どんな人でも、この店は歓迎します。(This shop welcomes anyone.) — kind
- どんなに頑張っても、結果が出ない。(No matter how hard I try, no results come.) — degree (contrast)
- どんなに難しくても、最後までやる。(No matter how hard it is, I'll do it to the end.) — degree (contrast)
🔄 Compare: どんな〜でも vs どんなに〜ても vs たとえ〜ても vs 何でも
| Expression | Nuance | Example |
|---|---|---|
| どんな + noun + でも | no matter which (kind) | どんな困難でも |
| どんなに + adj/adv + ても | no matter how (degree) | どんなに難しくても |
| たとえ〜ても | even if (hypothetical concession) | たとえ失敗しても |
| 何でも | anything (full affirmation) | 何でも食べる |
⚠️ Common Mistakes
- どんな (kind) vs どんなに (degree): before a noun use どんな (どんな人でも); before an adjective/adverb use どんなに (どんなに難しくても)!
- Don't add an extra に: ✗ どんなに人でも→どんな人でも (a noun takes no に).
- An adjective takes どんなに: ✗ どんな難しくても→どんなに難しくても.
- でも vs ても: a noun takes でも (どんな人でも); an adjective/verb takes ても (どんなに難しくても/頑張っても).
💡 Nuance & When to Use
「どんな〜でも」 expresses across-the-board application, unrestricted by kind (どんな困難でも, どんな質問でも, どんな人でも). ⚠️ Most important contrast with 「どんなに〜ても」: どんな + noun + でも is about ‘kind (which one)'; どんなに + adjective/adverb + ても is about ‘degree (how much).' Don't mix them up (a noun takes どんな, an adjective takes どんなに). An N4 across-the-board pattern — memorize it.
🎯 JLPT Exam Tips
- N4 core: どんな + noun + でも = no matter what kind of … (kind, across-the-board: どんな困難でも).
- Most important contrast: どんな + noun + でも (kind, which one) vs どんなに + adjective/adverb + ても (degree, how much).
- Most common mistake: mixing them up (✗ どんなに人でも, ✗ どんな難しくても); a noun takes どんな, an adjective takes どんなに.
🖊️ Practice Quiz
Q1. 「___困難でも、乗り越えられる。」(no matter what difficulty) Which is correct?
(A) どんな (B) いくら (C) どんなに (D) なんと
Q2. 「___頑張っても、結果が出ない。」(no matter how hard I try) Which is correct?
(A) どんな (B) どんなに (C) どの (D) なんの
Q3. Which sentence is correct?
(A) どんなに人でも歓迎する。
(B) どんな人でも歓迎する。
(C) どんなに困難でも、種類を表す。
(D) どんな難しくても解く。
Q4. 「___質問でも、遠慮なく聞いてください。」(any kind of question) Which is correct?
(A) どんなに (B) どんな (C) いくら (D) なんと
Q5. What's the difference between 「どんな+noun+でも」 and 「どんなに+adjective+ても」?
(A) no difference
(B) the former is about ‘kind,' the latter about ‘degree'
(C) the former is about ‘degree,' the latter about ‘kind'
(D) both are about time
Answer Key
1. (A) どんな ── どんな + noun (困難) + でも = no matter what kind; about ‘kind.' (C) どんなに takes an adjective/adverb (degree).
2. (B) どんなに ── どんなに + 頑張っても = no matter how hard; どんなに is about ‘degree.'
3. (B) どんな人でも歓迎する ── どんな + noun + でも (kind); (A) ✗ どんなに人, (D) ✗ どんな難しくても (an adjective takes どんなに).
4. (B) どんな ── どんな質問でも = any kind of question; a noun takes どんな.
5. (B) ── どんな + noun + でも = kind (which one); どんなに + adjective/adverb + ても = degree (how much).