“toku ni・toriwake・koto ni”: Especially / In Particular [JLPT N2]
By Nihongo to Japan · Updated July 3, 2026
Singling out one item as especially high in degree
“toku ni・toriwake・koto ni”: Especially / In Particular
These adverbs mean “especially / in particular one item among many” — singling something out from a group. 特に is the most general: 「スポーツの中で、特にサッカーが好き」 (among sports, I especially like soccer); とりわけ and 殊に(ことに) are stronger and more written. 特に is also common in negatives: 「特にありません」 (nothing in particular).
🧠 Core nuance: spotlighting “the most … one” in a group
The core is highlighting one of many: within a range/group (various sports, all seasons), pick out the one that's especially high in degree and emphasize it. It's like a spotlight on one item. 特に is neutral and general; とりわけ・殊に are stronger and more elegant/written, used in formal text or for added emphasis.
📌 Usage Overview
| Adverb | Nuance | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 特に | “especially” (most general) | 特に好きだ |
| とりわけ | “particularly, exceptionally” (stronger, written) | とりわけ寒い |
| 殊に (ことに) | “especially” (elegant, written) | 殊に重要だ |
| 特に〜ない | “nothing in particular” (negative) | 特にない |
💬 Example Sentences
- スポーツの中で、特にサッカーが好きだ。(Among sports, I especially like soccer.) — singling out
- 今年の冬はとりわけ寒い。(This winter is exceptionally cold.) — strong emphasis (written)
- この点は殊に注意が必要だ。(This point especially requires care.) — elegant/written
- 「何か質問は?」「特にありません」。(“Any questions?” “Nothing in particular.”) — soft negative
- 彼の作品の中でも、とりわけこの一枚が有名だ。(Among his works, this one in particular is famous.)
🔄 Compare: 特に vs とりわけ vs 別に vs 主に
| Expression | Nuance | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 特に | “especially” (neutral, general) | 特に好き |
| とりわけ/殊に | “particularly” (stronger, written) | とりわけ重要 |
| 別に(〜ない) | “not particularly” (downplaying, + negative) | 別に好きじゃない |
| 主に (おもに) | “mainly, mostly” (proportion) | 主に英語を使う |
⚠️ Common Mistakes
- 特に vs 別に: spotlight one item with 特に (特に好き); downplay with a negative using 別に (別に好きじゃない).
- とりわけ in casual chat: とりわけ・殊に are written; everyday speech prefers 特に.
- Using it alone as an action: ✗ とりわけ行く → it modifies degree; it needs an item/quality to single out.
- Adding だ: ✗ 特にだ高い → ✓ 特に高い (the adverb modifies directly).
💡 Nuance & When to Use
特に・とりわけ are common adverbs for “especially, in particular” — singling out one item (especially like…), emphasizing a point (exceptionally important), or softly negating (nothing in particular). 特に is neutral and general, fine in speech and writing; とりわけ・殊に are stronger and more elegant, fitting formal text. Keep it distinct from the downplaying 別に〜ない. A must at N2.
🎯 JLPT Exam Tips
- Commonly tested at N2: 特に/とりわけ/殊に = especially (singling out); increasing formality.
- Distinction: 特に (spotlight) vs 別に〜ない (downplay); 主に (mainly).
- 「特に〜ない」 (nothing in particular) is also high-frequency.
🖊️ 練習題(5題)
Q1. 「スポーツの中で、___サッカーが好きだ。」(尤其喜歡足球)
(A) 特に (B) 別に (C) 一向に (D) いかに
Q2. 「とりわけ」の文體は?
(A) 書面(尤其,語氣較強)
(B) 兒童口語
(C) 網路用語
(D) 命令語
Q3. 「特にありません」の意味は?
(A) 沒什麼特別的(委婉回答)
(B) 有很多
(C) 全部都有
(D) 必須要有
Q4. 「特に」の働きは?
(A) 從群體中突出某一項
(B) 表示逆接
(C) 表示因果
(D) 表示時間
Q5. 用法が自然なのは?
(A) 今年はとりわけ寒い。 (B) とりわけ行く(動作のみ)。
(C) 殊にを食べる。 (D) 特にだ高い。
答案解析
1. (A) 特に ── 尤其喜歡足球。
2. (A) ── 書面(尤其,語氣強)。
3. (A) ── 沒什麼特別的。
4. (A) ── 從群體中突出某項。
5. (A) ── 「今年はとりわけ寒い」正確。