“〜sore ni・sono ue・omake ni”: Moreover / On Top of That (adding information) [JLPT N3]

By Nihongo to Japan · Updated July 3, 2026

Conjunctions that add information on top of the preceding clause.

“〜sore ni・sono ue・omake ni”: Moreover / On Top of That

This set of conjunctions all mean “moreover, on top of that” — adding same-direction information on top of the preceding clause: それに = “moreover, on top of that” (most common, neutral): 「この部屋は広い。それに、日当たりもいい」 (this room is spacious; moreover, it gets good sunlight); そのうえ = “moreover, in addition” (more written); おまけに = “on top of that, what's more” (colloquial, often for negative additions): 「財布をなくした。おまけに、電車も遅れた」 (I lost my wallet; on top of that, the train was late). They stack same-direction items (both good or both bad).

🧠 Core nuance: ‘and what's more…' stacked on what came before

The core is adding, stacking same-direction information: the first clause says one thing, and these conjunctions add another same-direction (both positive or both negative) point: ① それに — the most general ‘moreover, on top of that' (広い → それに明るい); ② そのうえ — the more written ‘in addition, moreover,' slightly formal; ③ おまけに — the colloquial ‘on top of that, what's more,' especially common for stacking misfortunes (insult to injury: lost wallet + train late). ⚠️ Common point: the added content must be the same direction (✗ 安い。それに高い → contradictory). Opposite of the adversative 「しかし (however)」 — these stack in the same direction. おまけに has a colloquial ‘and of all things, to make matters worse' feel.

📌 How to Connect

💬 Example Sentences

• この部屋は広い。それに、日当たりもいい。(This room is spacious; moreover, it gets good sunlight.) — それに (positive stacking)
• あの店は安い。そのうえ、味もいい。(That shop is cheap; in addition, the taste is good.) — そのうえ (written)
• 財布をなくした。おまけに、電車も遅れた。(I lost my wallet; on top of that, the train was late.) — おまけに (negative stacking)
• 彼は遅刻した。おまけに、宿題も忘れた。(He was late; what's more, he forgot his homework too.) — おまけに (to make matters worse)
• お客さんが来た。それも、こんな朝早くに。(A guest came — and of all things, this early in the morning.) — それも (emphasis)

🔄 Compare: それに vs そのうえ vs おまけに vs しかし

⚠️ Common Mistakes

1. Direction must match: それに etc. add in the same direction; ✗ 安い。それに高い (contradiction) → adversative uses しかし.
2. おまけに mostly negative: おまけに is often for stacking misfortunes (insult to injury); positive stacking mostly uses それに.
3. Confusing with しかし: それに is same-direction addition (moreover); しかし is adversative (however) — opposite.
4. そのうえ is more written: speech mostly uses それに, おまけに.

💡 Nuance & When to Use

それに・そのうえ・おまけに all mean “moreover, on top of that,” adding same-direction (both good or both bad) information on top of the preceding clause: それに (most general, neutral), そのうえ (more written), おまけに (colloquial, often for negative stacking, insult to injury). The added content must be the same direction. Entirely different from the adversative しかし (however, contrasting clauses) — these stack in the same direction. Useful for ‘and what's more….' A must at N3.

🎯 JLPT Exam Tips

• High-frequency N3: それに (moreover, neutral most common), そのうえ (in addition, more written), おまけに (what's more, colloquial, often negative).
• Core: all same-direction addition (pos + pos or neg + neg); direction must match.
• Distinction: それに etc. (same-direction addition, moreover) vs しかし (adversative, however); おまけに often for negatives.

🖊️ 練習題（5題）

Q1. 「この部屋は広い。___、日当たりもいい。」（而且採光也好）

(A) それに　(B) しかし　(C) ところが　(D) それでも

Q2. 「財布をなくした。___、電車も遅れた。」（再加上電車也誤點，負面）

(A) おまけに　(B) そのため　(C) それなら　(D) ところで

Q3. 「それに」が表すのは?

(A) 而且（同方向追加）

(B) 然而（逆接）

(C) 因此（結果）

(D) 對了（換話題）

Q4. 「おまけに」の語感は?

(A) 而且還（常用於負面的追加）

(B) 只用於正面

(C) 表示逆接

(D) 表示條件

Q5. 用法が自然なのは?

(A) 安くて、それに便利だ。　(B) 安い。それに高い。

(C) 雨だ。それにいい天気。　(D) 失敗した。それに成功した。

答案解析

1. (A) それに ── 寬敞而且採光好(同方向追加)。

2. (A) おまけに ── 負面追加(電車也誤點)。

3. (A) ── 而且(同方向追加)。

4. (A) ── おまけに 多用於負面追加。

5. (A) ── 同方向追加;(B)(C)(D) 前後矛盾。